Iraq
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Iraq borders Syria to the northwest, Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Jordan to the southwest and Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to the south. Iraq has a narrow section of coastline measuring 58 km (36 mi) on the northern Persian Gulf. The capital city, Baghdad is in the center-east of the country. Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run through the center of Iraq, flowing from northwest to southeast. These provide Iraq with agriculturally capable land and contrast with the steppe and desert landscape that covers most of Western Asia. Historically, Iraq has been known by the Greek toponym 'Mesopotamia' (Land between the rivers) and has been home to continuous successive civilizations since the 6th millennium BC. The region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is often referred to as the cradle of civilization and the birthplace of writing, law and the wheel. At different periods in its history, Iraq was the center of the indigenous Akkadian, Sumerian, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Abbasid empires. It was also part of the Achaemenid, Hellenistic, Parthian, Sassanid, Roman, Rashidun, Umayyad, Mongol, Safavid, Afsharid, and Ottoman empires, and under British control as a League of Nations mandate. Iraq's modern borders were demarcated in 1920 by the League of Nations when the Ottoman Empire was divided by the Treaty of Sèvres. Iraq was placed under the authority of the United Kingdom as the British Mandate of Mesopotamia. A monarchy was established in 1921 and the Kingdom of Iraq gained independence from Britain in 1932. In 1958, the monarchy was overthrown and the Republic of Iraq was created. Iraq was controlled by the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party from 1968 until 2003. After an invasion led by American and British forces, the Ba'ath Party was removed from power and Iraq came under a military occupation by a multinational coalition. Sovereignty was transferred to the Iraqi Interim Government in June 2004. A new constitution was then approved by referendum and a new Government of Iraq was elected. Foreign troops remained in Iraq after the establishment of a new government due to an insurgency that developed shortly after the invasion, with violence peaking in mid 2007. In August 2010, the U.S. became the last member of the coalition to cease combat operations in Iraq bringing an end to the Iraq War and over one year later, in December 2011, the last U.S. troops left the country. Iraq is a Shia-majority country which contains the Imam Husayn Shrine at Karbala. From Wikipedia under the
GNU Free Documentation License Matching Results for Iraq:IraqMedieval Arabic uses Iraq' as a geographical term for the area in the south and ... Some Arabic sources say that Iraq comes from عريق (ʕarí:q, "deep ... İraq İraq. Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Jump to: navigation, ... (yalın) İraq. definite accusative (belirtme) İraqı. dative (yönelme) İraqa ... Irak Iraq [edit] Usage notes. Unlike most German names of countries (which are usually neutral), Irak is a masculine noun and often takes the masculine ... From Wiktionary under the
GNU Free Documentation License Iraq is a country on the continent of Asia and in the Middle East. Previously part of the Ottoman Empire, it became a separate entity under British supervision following World War I and gained formal sovereignty in 1932 under a Hashemite monarchy. A nationalist republican movement overthrew the monarchy in 1958 and was in turn overthrown in 2003 by the United States, which oversaw the creation of the present federal republic. From Wikiquote under the
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